HMS Kipling: The HMS Kipling was a "K" Class Destroyer ordered from J.S. White at Cowes, Isle of Wight under the 1937 Emergency War Programme for the Royal Navy. Although the ship may have been ordered from J.S. Wight, most sources tend to agree that the ship was actually built at Yarrow Shipbuilding (Yard No. 1706), Scotstoun, Scotland. Her keel was laid down on 26 October 1937 and launched 19 January 1939 with a length of 108.7 meters, beam of 10.9 meters, and draught of just under 9 meters with a Gross Registered Tonnage (GRT) of 1,690 tons. Propulsion machinery consisted of 2 Admiralty 3-drum coal-fired boilers, 2 Parsons geared turbines, and twin shafts with a combined output of 40,000 shp for a maximum speed of 36 knots. The "HMS Kipling" Ship's Armament at time of building consisted of: Six 4.7-inch guns in twin mount configuration Four 40-mm Anti-Aircraft guns Six 20-mm Anti-Aircraft guns Ten 21-inch torpedo tubes in 4 double mounts. As built, crew compliment typically 220 officers and crew. The ship's construction and outfitting was completed on 22 December 1939 and, commissioned (pennant "F91") under the command of Commander Aubrey St. Clair-Ford (DSO, RN), was assigned to the 5th Destroyer Flotilla, Home Fleet. (Note on the commissionning: The commissionning ceremony was performed by the daughter of Rudyard Kipling, Mrs Elsie Bambridge.) Completed acceptance trials by the end of December and then made passage to Portland Island, England for weapons calibration and crew training in early January 1940. While conducting exercises at Portland Island, it was soon discovered that the Kipling had major problems with the ship's main engines and the ship departed on 17 January and returned to Scotstoun on 19 January. The ship was docked at the Barclay Curle & Co. shipyard where the ship's turbine gearing was repaired by Fairfield Shipbuilders of Govan (Lithgows of Port Glasgow). Repair of the ship's engines lasted until 04 February when, after engine testing and sea trials, the Kipling made passage to Scapa Flow where she commenced Flotilla duties on 05 February 1940. While deployed at Scapa Flow, the Kipling soon realized that the ship still had problems with her main engines, as well as other problems which were related to the ship class. Returning to the U.K., the ship arrived at the Hawthorn, Leslie & Co., Ltd. shipyard at Newcastle-upon-Tyne on 22 February for repair. The "HMS Kipling" Repairs, which consisted of additional repairs to the main engine turbines and gearing, and leaks in the Reserve Feed Water System for the boilers, lasted through the end of February, the month of March, and were finally completed on 13 April 1940. The ship departed the Tyne on 13 April and returned to Scapa Flow to resume Flotilla duties. On 16 April the HMS Kipling departed Scapa Flow with the Destroyers HMS Janus, HMS Juno, and HMS Hereward as screen for the Cruiser HMS Suffolk during Operation DUCK for the bombardment of Stavenger, Norway. When the ship was returning from Stavenger, and while approximately 100-miles from Scapa Flow, the HMS Kipling was struck at position 39.40N / 20.13Eby two bombs dropped during an aerial attack. The explosions resulted in major damage to the ship's superstructure and the main engine turbine mounts. The ship was able to depart Scapa Flow under her own power, at reduced speed, and made passage to England, arriving on 20 April where arrangements for repairs had been made at Humber Graving Dock & Engineering Co., Ltd. Southhampton, England and one other shipyard at Southampton for structural repairs. The Kidpling made passage to the Solent on 24 April and arrived at shipyard at Southampton on 25 April for structural repair , which lasted until 19 July when the ship was transferred to the Humber Graving Dock & Engineering Co., Ltd. shipyard on 21 July for repairs to the ship's main engines. (Note: The ship's pennant number, "F91", was changed to "G91" for visual signalling purposes in June 1940.) Engine repairs were completed in mid-August and the HMS Kipling departed Southampton, England and resumed Home Fleet duties, arriving at Scapa Flow on 15 August 1940. (One source states that the ship was sent to Immingham, England upon completion of repairs and conducted escort of convoys making passage along the East coast instead of making passage to Scapa Flow.) In early September 1940 the Kipling again developed problems with her main engine. The ship departed Scapa Flow and made passage to Her Majesty's Dockyard, Rosyth, Scotland for repairs on 13 September. Repairs lasted 17 days and the Kipling departed Rosyth on 30 September returning to Scapa Flow where she resumed Home Fleet duties. In early October 1940, the HMS Kipling was deployed with the Flotilla for convoy escort and patrol duties in the English Channel. Shortly after arriving in the English Channel, the ship was involved in a collision with the 4,976 ton Merchant Cargo Ship Queen Maud which had been requisitioned for use by the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) as a Troop Transport ship. The "Queen Maud" (Queen Line Ltd., Glasgow, Scotland) The Kipling proceeded to Her Majesty's Dockyard at Devonport, England where repairs were conducted and the ship returned to Home Fleet duties with the 5th Destroyer Flotilla at Plymouth, England on 10 October 1940 where she deployed with the Battleship HMS Revenge and Destroyers HMS Javelin, HMS Jupiter, HMS Kipling, and HMS Jackal on passage to Cherbourg, France for bombardment of the harbour. With cover provided by the Cruisers Newcastle and Emerald, participated in the bombardment of the Cherbourg Harbour. Upon completion of bombardment, returned to Portsmouth, England with the same ships. Deployed again on 17 October with the Destroyers HMS Jackal, HMS Kashmir, and HMS Kelvin for screening of the Cruisers HMS Newcastle and Emerald during interception of German warships making passage along the South-West Approaches in order to attack Allied shipping. Upon completion of screening duties, returned to Plymouth, England. "HMS Newcastle" firing on German ships 17 October 1940 One source states that soon after returning to Plymouth, England the Kipling was conducting exercises at Dartmouth, England where she became tangled in a mooring line, wrapping the line around the ship's shaft a number of times. A diver was deployed to remove the mooring line. This makes some sense due to the ship being taken out of service on 27 October for mechanical repairs at a commercial shipyard at Newcastle-upon-Tyne. These repairs lasted until 24 November 1940 when, upon completion of sea trials, the ship departed Newcastle-upon-Tyne and rejoined the 5th Destroyer Flotilla at Plymouth, England where she continued her deployment in the English Channel until 02 December. On 02 December 1940, participated in Operation GQ1 with Destroyers HMS Kashmir and Jupiter escorting the Cruiser HMS Adventure in the laying of a minefield on the Little Sole Bank west of L'Orient, France in the Southwest Approaches. Deployed again on 03 December for minefield lay off of Isle de Bas, France as part of Operation GR. Acted as escort for Destroyer HMS Icarus with Destroyers HMS Kashmir and Punjabi. This operation was later canceled due to an equipment casualty in the Taut Wire Measuring Gear onboard the Icarus. Joined Fast Convoy MS5A on 19 December for passage to the Northwest Approaches with Destroyers HMS Kelvin, Ottawa (RCN), St. Laurent (RCN), and ORP Pior Un (Polish Navy) as escorts. Detached from the convoy on 22 December, returning to Plymouth, England on 24 December. (Note: Fast Convoy MS5A was dispersed on 25 December.) Deployed on 27 December as escort for the HMS Kent which had been struck by a torpedo during an aerial attack by Italian torpedo bombers of 278th Squadriglia Aerosiluranti in 18 September 1940 while enroute from Benghazi to Bardia. (The HMS Kent was towed to Alexandria where emergency repairs were made. After which, the ship departed Alexandria on 26 October and arrived at the Southwest Approaches on 27 December.) Arrived at Plymouth, England with the HMS Kent on 30 December 1940. January 1941 found the HMS Kipling still on deployment with the 5th Destroyer Flotilla based at Plymouth, England for patrolling and ship interception in the English Channel and the Southwest Approaches throughout the month until approximately mid-February. The Kipling deployed on 20 February with the Destroyers HMS Kashmir, HMS Kelly, and HMS Jackal as escorts for the laying of mines in the Southwest Approaches off of Brest, France as part of Operation GS. Deployed with the same ships again on 19 March 1941 as escort for the mine laying off of Ile de Bas, France. This continuation of Operation GS also includes motor launches from Dartmouth, England. With the arrival at Brest, France of the German Scharnhorst Class Battleships Gneisenau and Scharnhorst, the Kipling deployed with HMS Kashmir on 24 March in escort of the Fast Minelayer HMS Abdiel for minelaying operations off of Brest, France as part of Operation GV with the intent of restricting movement of the two German warships. The German Battleship "Scharnhorst" in 1939 At approximately 0330 on the morning of 16 April 1941, the HMS Kipling rescued 11 crewmembers (Note: one source states 13 crew rescued) of the 1,167 GRT Norwegian Cargo Ship Bolette which had been carrying a cargo of coal from Millhaven, England to Devonport when she was attacked and sunk off of Zennor, North Cornwall at position 50.25N/05.35W by two bombs dropped from a single German aircraft. Eight lives were lost during the sinking. The survivors were delivered to Plymouth, England. The Norwegian Cargo Ship "Bolette". On 20 April the HMS Kipling was transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet with the Destroyers HMS Jersey, HMS Jupiter, HMS Kashmir, HMS Kelly, and HMS Kelvin. Departed Plymouth, England on 21 April with ships of the 5th Destroyer Flotilla under the command of Captain Lord Louis Mountbatten (embarked onboard HMS Kelly). The Flotilla joined the Cruisers HMS Abdiel and Dido, and the Destroyers HMS Jackal, HMS Jersey, HMS Kashmir, and HMS Kelvin at Gibraltar on 24 April to form Force "S". The Kipling refueled at Gibraltar and then proceeded to Malta with Force "S" as part of Operation Salient escorting ships carrying reinforcements. Cover protection of the convoy was provided by ships of Force "H" based at Gibraltar. Force "S" arrived at Malta on 28 April and then deployed with the Flotilla a Force "K", relieving ships of the 14th Destroyer Flotilla enabling them to return to Alexandria escorting the Breconshire who was carrying much needed supplies. On 01 May, the Kipling deployed with ships of Force "K" to intercept an enemy supply convoy entoute to North Africa. Returned to Malta on on 02 May and was detached prior to the other ships entering Grand Harbour. Re-deployed with the HMS Kashmir to screen HMS Gloucester on passage to Gibralter, arriving at Gibraltar on 04 May 1941. Underway the next day 05 May with the Gloucester and Kashmir as part of Force "D" for defense of a military convoy of Operation Tiger while on passage from Gibraltar to Malta. When the convoy was reinforced by ship of the Mediterranean Fleet off of Malta on 09 May, the Kipling was then assigned screening duties for the convoy until being detached the following day with ships of Force "K" and proceeded to Benghazi where the the Flotilla conducted bombardment of the port before returning to Malta on 11 May. Upon returning to Malta with the Kelly, Jackal, Kashmir, and Kelvin, resumed Force strike duties as Force "K" Underway again on 21 May with the Kelly, Kashmir and Jackal and made passage to Crete. Upon arrival, the Kipling was directed to conduct bombardment of one of the 4 airfields located on the island. The Kashmir and Kelly were tasked with intercepting a convoy coming from the Dalmatian Coast. The Kipling completed bombardment of the assigned airfield on 22 May and later in the day/evening suffered a casualty in the steering system, conducting repairs while under aerial attack by German Stuka aircraft. The HMS Kashmir and HMS Kelly, also under aerial attack some miles away, were both sunk. On the morning of 23 May, the Kipling, now repaired, rescued 279 survivors of the ships while under sustained aerial attacks (159 crew from the Kelly, including Captain Lord Louis Mountbatten, and 120 crew of the Kashmir). During the rescue efforts, the Kipling struck the wreck of the Kelly which resulted in damage to an approximately 20-foot section of the ship's hull. The collision also resulted in a major fuel-oil leak which forced the ship to reduce speed to 20-knots in order to conserve fuel while attempting to return to Alexandria. The "HMS Protector" While enroute to Alexandria carrying the survivors of the sinking of the Kelly and Kashmir, the Kipling came under several aerial attacks which caused damage by near misses. At some point during the passage, the ship ran out of fuel off the coast of Alexandria. The Netlayer HMS Protector which came alongside the ship and provided fuel in order for the Kipling to make port, arriving at Alexandria on 25 May. Repairs to the Kipling were conducted at Alexandria starting on 27 May 1941 and included repairs to the Shell Room, Boiler Room and fuel tanks. Upon completion of repairs the ship was transferred to the 7th Destroyer Flotilla in June, joining the Destroyers HMS Jervis, HMS Jackal, HMS Lively, Napier (RAN), and Nizam (RAN) as part of Operation Exporter, providing Naval Gunfire Support (NGFS) and convoy defense duties during military operations again Vichy French forces in Syria. Upon completion of Operation Exporter near the end of July 1941, the Kipling was deployed with the 7th Flotilla as escort for convoys in the re-supply of the garrison at Tobruk until October 1941. HMS Kipling laying a smoke screen Deployed in November 1941 as escort for convoys making passage to-and-from Tobruk, and transport of personnel and stores. The Polish General Sikorski was embarked during this period for visit to Polish troops located at Tobruk. Underway on 25 November for screening duties with the Destroyers Napier (RAN), Nizam (RAN), Jackal, and Jervis. Provided screening for the Battleships HMS Queen Elizabeth, HMS Barham, and HMS Valiant during operations to cover search for enemy supply convoys in the eastern Mediterranean with Force "K" deployed from Malta. HMS Barharm sunk on this date as position 32º34'N / 26º24'E by German Submarine U-331 (Tiesenhausen) with the loss of 862 men. The Kipling, along with other ships, conducted an unsuccessful hunt for the U-boat. The "HMS Barham" sinking on 25 November 1941 On 30 November the Kipling sailed with Destroyers Jackal, Jaguar, and Jervis to intercept 3 Italian Destroyers reported near Derna, Libya carrying fuel supplies. On 01 December the ships were under aerial attack south of Crete in which the Jackal was hit and her steering gear was damaged. Escorted the damaged ship to Alexandria with HMS Jervis and Jaguar, arriving on 02 December 1941. The Armed Boarding Vessel B.I.S.N. Chakdina was making passage from Tobruk to the 62nd General Hospital at Alexandria with 300 British wounded, plus 100 prisoners of war (including German General von Ravenstein). The ship was attacked and sunk on 05 December 1941 by either German Submarine U-81 (Guggenberger) or by two torpedo bombers during an aerial attack at position 32.11N / 24.30E off the Libyan Coast. The HMS Kipling, Jervis, and Farndale all responded, rescuing 200 officers, crew, and prisoners. On 15 December the Kipling deployed with the Destroyers Decoy Hasty, Havock, Jervis, Kimberley, and Nizam (RAN) as part of screening duties during Operation MF1 for the Cruisers HMS Carlisle, HMS Euryalus, and HMS Naiad as Force "C" in the escorting of the HMS Breconshire on passage from Malta to Alexandria. Under sustained aerial attacks, with Able Seaman Robert C. Buckle (C/JX 144530) killed on 17 December. 28 December 1941 found the S.S. Volo steaming from Tobruk to Alexandria while in ballast as part of Convoy ME-8 when she was torpedoed by German Submarine U75 (Helmuth Ringelmann) at postion 31.45N / 26.48E. The HMS Kipling conducted anti-submarine hunting for the submarine, at one point losing contact with it altogether. The ship proceeded to drop depth charges over a 2 and a half hour period which resulted in the submarine surfacing. The Kimberly fired on the surfaced submarine, damaging U75's sail and killing 14 of the 44 man crew. The German crew then surrendered. After the submarine's crew were taken off, the Kipling then proceeded to sink the submarine with gunfire. Unknown sinking German U-boat (NOT the U75) The Kipling then returned to Alexandria where, on 29 December 1941, the ship underwent repairs until 05 January 1942 when she deployed with Cruisers HMS Dido, Euralyus, and Naiad and Destroyers Foxhound, Ghurka, Kingston, and Sikh as Force "H" as escort of HM Glengyle on passage to Malta (Operation MF2). The following day, 06 January, the escort of Convoy MF2 to Malta was transferred to Force "C" just west of Derna, Libya. The ships of Force "H" took over escort of the HM Breconshire on that ship's passage to Alexandria, arriving on 09 January 1941. Deployed on 16 January designated as Force "B" for screening duties of the Cruisers Dido, Euraylus, and Naiad with Destroyers Foxhound, Havock, Hotspur, and Kelvin to cover Convoy MW8A (Operation MF3 on passage to Malta. Convoy MW8B joined with Convoy on MW8A on 17 January, continuing on towards Malta. On 18 January, escort of the Convoy was transferred to Force "K" from Malta, returning to Alexandria with Force"B" while conducting close escort of Convoy MW8 while under aerial attacks which were unsuccessful. Arrived at Alexandria on 20 January. Deployed again on 24 January with Force "B" with the addition of Destroyers HMS Griffin, HMS Kingston, HMS Jaguar, HMS Arrow, and the Dutch Destroyer Isaac Sweers and provided cover for the Breconshire's return passage to Malta. Escort of the HMS Breconshire was transferred on 26 January to Force "K" for continuation to Malta. Force "B" took over escort duties for S.S. Rowallan Castle and HMS Glengyle on passage to Alexandria, arriving on 28 January 1942. Early February found the HMS Kipling being deployed for escort duty of ships making passage to Cyprus when she was not required for Fleet duties at Alexandria until 13 February. On the previous day, 12 February, Convoy MW9A departed consisting of the S.S. Clan Campbell and S.S. Clan Chattan escorted by the Cruiser HMS Carlisle and four Destroyers. The HMS Kipling and the ships of Force "B" departed 13 February with Convoy MW9B in escort of S.S. Rowallan Castle and merged with Convoy MW9A. After the two convoys merged they came under aerial attacks in which the S.S. Clan Campbell was severely damaged and was detached from the Convoy with escort for passage to Tobruk. (Note: Arnold Hague indicates that this ship returned to Alexandria vice Tobruk.) 14 February found Convoy MW9A/B under heavy aerial attacks which resulted in the loss the S.S. Clan Chattan and damage to the S.S. Rowallan Castle so severe that the ship was taken in tow by the HMS Zulu. Towing of the ship ultimately had to be abandoned and the Rowallan Castle was sunk by the HMS Lively. (One source also states that the Clan Chattan was also sunk by a convoy escort.) Force "B" then took over escort of the four-ship Convoy ME10 from Force "K", consisting of the HMS Breconshire, Ajax, Clan Ferguson, and City of Calcutta, and took passage to Alexandria arriving on 15 February. The "S.S. Clan Chattan" In March 1942 the HMS Kipling was transferred to the 14th Destroyer Flotilla. Deployed on 09 March as part of Force "B" with Destroyers HMS Hasty, Hero, Jervis, Kelvin, Lively, Sikh, and Zulu for screening of Crusiers HMS Dido, Euryalus, and Naiad while in search of Italian cruiser reported damaged by torpedo and convoy off of Tripoli. Italian Cruiser and Convoy not located. Force "B" came under aerial attacks while on passage but sustained no damage. On 11 March, joined by Cruiser HMS Cleopatra and Destroyer HMS Kingston for return passage to Alexandria under heavy aerial attack. Aerial bomb and torpedo attacks were repelled by heavy Anti-Aircraft fire. The ships of Force "B" came under U-boat attack north of Mersa Matruh/Sollum. HMS Naiad was hit on the starboard side amidships by a torpedo fired from German Submarine U565 (Johann Jebson) at position 32.01N/26.20E. The ship capsized and sankd in between 20 and 35 minutes with 77 or 86 lives lost (Reports vary). HMS Kipling, Jervis, and Lively rescued 582 of the ship's company. Flag Admiral Vian, who had been onboard the HMS Naiad was transferred to the HMS Dido. Deployed again on 20 March with the Destroyers Jervis, Kelvin, and Kingston of the 14th Destroyer Flotilla for screening duties of the Cruisers Cleopatra, Dido, and Euryalus designated as Force "B" to provide cover for Convoy ME10 from Alexandria to Malta consisting of the S.S. Breconshire, Pampas, Talabot, and the recently repaired S.S. Clan Campbell and six additional Destroyers (Operation MG1). The Convoy came under threat of attack on 22 March by the Italian Naval Squadron consisting of the Battelship Littorio, Cruisers Bande Nere, Gorizia, Trento, and Destroyer screens. This would later become known as the "2nd Battle of Sirte". Convoy ME10, with the HMS Carlisle and the Hunt Class Destroyers detached from Force "B" and moved to the South. HMS Kipling, Jervis, Kelvin, and Kingston deployed as a striking force to conduct torpedo attacks on the Italian fleet. The Kipling fire 5 torpedoes at the enemy ships using local control under the cover of a smokescreen. The Italian Battleship Littorio sustained one shell hit but was otherwise undamaged. The ships HMS Cleopatra, Euryalus, Havock, Lively, and Kingston all sustained damage. The "La corazzata Littorio" Returned to Alexandria with the ships of Force "B" on 24 March where the Kipling continued Flotilla duties at Alexandria until 16 April 1942 when the ship was deployed to land a unit if Royal Marines at Kuphoris, Crete in order to destroy a wireless station. On 10 May 1942, the Kipling sailed with the Destroyers Jackal, Jervis, and Lively for interception of an enemy convoy on passage from the eastern Mediterranean to Benghazi (Operation MG2). One source indicates that the Ramb IV, which had been attacked by German aircraft and had been set on fire, was located off of Alexandria and that the Kipling placed a fire-fighting party onboard until being relieved by the HMS Hasty. The following day, 11 May 1942, the group of Destroyers was spotted late in the day by group of 11-14 German Ju-88 bombers based out of Crete. The aircraft attacked the Destroyers and the HMS Lively was hit and quickly sank 100 miles Northeast of Tobruk with the loss of 76 lives. The German aircraft ended the attack and returned to Crete. The HMS Kipling assisted in rescuing survivors of the Lively's sinking. The "HMS Kipling" rescuing survivors of the "HMS Lively" Near sunset, a fresh group of German Ju-88's arrived and continued aerial attacks on the ships, one source states that the aircraft split off into groups of 4 planes, each group then attacking a ship. The Lively was struck by a single bomb in the Engine Room and then by two near misses on either side of the ship near amidships. The Jackal was also hit at about this time. Meanwhile, the Kipling had heeled over and then appeared to right itself, the crew were said to have stayed at their guns until the assault ended. The ship then slowly began to break in half and the ship was abandoned at position 32.38N / 25.20E sinking soon afterwards in over 1500 meters of water with the loss of 24 lives. The men of the Kipling were in the water for approximately 4 hours. The Jackal was damaged, but still afloat with fires raging onboard. The HMS Jervis returned and picked up the survivors of the Kipling and took the Jackal in tow but was later sunk by the Jervis on 12 May 1942 before delivering the survivors to Alexandria. Casualty List (MPK=Missing Presumed Killed) BASELEY, John W, Able Seaman, C/JX 235871, MPK BAYLES, Henry E, Able Seaman, P/JX 191044, MPK BIRD, Francis J G, Act/Petty Officer, C/JX 137384, killed COLBY, Harold R, Ordinary Seaman, P/JX 296908, MPK COXON, Leslie, Stoker 2c, C/KX 116651, MPK EVANS, Frank W, Ordnance Artificer 3c, C/MX 54886, MPK FORSTER, William, Engine Room Artificer 4c, P/MX 78025, MPK FYERS-TURNER, Peter G, Lieutenant (E), MPK GOWER, Vernon J, Engine Room Artificer 4c, C/MX 59333, MPK HUMPHRIES, Leslie J, Able Seaman, D/JX 208416, MPK HUNT, Richard B, Act/Chief Engine Room Artificer, C/MX 49875, killed LOCHORE, John, Able Seaman, C/JX 196641, killed MACKAY, Murdo, Seaman, RNR, C/X 9889 B, MPK MCALWANE, Benjamin, Able Seaman, C/JX 190518, MPK MCCULLOCH, William C, Cook (S), C/MX 67209, killed MORRIS, William G, Stoker 1c, C/KX 98300, MPK PARODI, Albert E, Able Seaman, RFR, C/JX 170401, killed PENFARE, William G, Ty/Act/Leading Stoker, C/KX 80541, MPK SCIBERRAS, Carmelo, Canteen Assistant, NAAFI, MPK SMITH, Jack, Able Seaman, C/JX 238792, killed TRAINOR, James, Stoker 1c, C/KX 122279, MPK WATKIN, Arthur, Stoker 1c, D/KX 93506, MPK WILKINSON, Edmund R, Engine Room Artificer 3c, C/MX 52470, MPK WILLIAMS, Lewis J, Stoker 2c, D/KX 137060, MPK References: Janes's Fighting Ships of World War II (ISBN 0 517 67963 9) Miramar Single Ship Reports for 5604831, 1164101, and 6110810 http://www.clydesite.co.uk/clydebuilt/viewship.asp?id=1123 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N_class_destroyer http://www.kipling.org.uk/facts_HMSlecture.htm http://www.convoyweb.org.uk/index.html http://www.royalnavy-history.net/ http://ahoy.tk-jk.net/HMSLivelyBook/HMS_LIVELY_BOOK.htm http://members.iinet.net.au/~gduncan/maritime-2.html http://www.hms-javelin.co.uk/hms-javelin-service-history.htm http://www.uboat.net http://www.halcyon-class.co.uk/sphinx/hms_sphinx.htm http://www.kipling.org.uk/facts_hms.htm http://members.jcom.home.ne.jp/hmdock/kimberley/kimberley01.html http://www.warsailors.com/singleships/bolette.html The World's Merchant Fleets, 1939 (By Roger Jordan) Other Shipwrecks of Egypt related to this page: HMS Barham    HMS Carlisle    Chakdina    HMS Ghurka    HMS Jackal    HMS Jaguar    Jersey                                        HMS Naiad    Ramb IV    U75    Volo    HMS Zulu This site is operated on income from advertising.